FOCUS:
Fluoridation On-Point

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1. Fluoridation On-Point:
Congressional Investigation and Recent Events PDF (33K)
Highlights of the written statements from five government agencies in response to questions posed to each agency in 1999 and 2000 by a subcommittee of the House Committee on Science.

2. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) 2000, response to questions posed by subcommittee of the House Committee on Science PDF (69K)
"Fluoride, when used in the diagnosis, cure, mitigation, treatment, or prevention of disease in man or animal, is a drug that is subject to FDA regulation." "No New Drug Applications have been approved or rejected for fluoride drugs meant for ingestion."

3. Title 42 Ð The Public Health and Welfare, section 300g-1. (194K)
"(11) No national primary drinking water regulation may require the addition of any substance for preventive health care purposes unrelated to contamination of drinking water."

4. Letter, April 2, 1998, from EPA Director, Office of Science and Technology PDF (33K)
"In the U.S., there are no Federal safety standards which are applicable to drinking water additives, including those intended for use in fluoridating water."

5. Letter, March 14, 1994, from Cosme Water Treatment Plant, City of St. Petersburg PDF (65K)
St. Petersburg, Florida, contracts with Lucier Chemical Industries for its fluosilicic acid. Lucier purchases the chemicals from Cargill Fertilizer, Inc.

6. The 1998 AWWA Standards Committee on Fluorides PDF (65K)
Listed are the 17 members of the "volunteer standards committee" which review and approve the fluoride standard. The Chair, Vice-Chair and Secretary are from the CDC, Lucier Chemical Industries, and Kaiser Aluminum & Chem. Corp., respectively. Cargill Fertilizer Inc. and Chemtech are producer members.

7. Photo of Cargill Fertilizer Inc. with 1979 Fluorine Recovery excerpt PDF (165K)
Required to suppress environmental emissions of fluorine-containing vapours, industry must now find a use or market for the recovered fluorine.

8. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 1999, response to questions posed by subcommittee of the House Committee on Science PDF (63K)
In collecting data for a fact sheet, EPA was not able to identify any chronic studies for the two chemicals used in 90% of U.S. fluoridation programs.

9. Letter, Nov. 2000, from US EPA National Risk Mgmt. Research Laboratory PDF (65K )
National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory was unable to find any information on the chronic effects of silicofluorides on health and behavior.

10. Letter, March 2001, from US EPA National Risk Mgmt. Research Laboratory PDF (65K)
In response to Dr. Roger Masters' request for specific data, the EPA's National Risk Assessment Laboratory indicates that they are not able to provide reliable data on the complete dissociation of fluosilicates; or, any data on interaction of fluosilicates with other metals, such as aluminum and iron, expected to be found in drinking water.

11. Request for Assistance (RFA) - Measurement of Fluorosilicates in Drinking Water, April 25, 2002 PDF (1000K)
The U.S. EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory is now soliciting competent researchers to investigate the reactions that take place when fluorosilicates are added to drinking water supplies.

12. National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) 2000, response to questions posed by subcommittee of the House Committee on Science PDF (42K).
For a manufacturer to receive certification for their fluoridation product, NSF requires submission of toxicological information, if available. No studies on the silicofluorides have ever been submitted to NSF.

13. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) 2000, response to questions posed by subcommittee of the House Committee on Science PDF (38K)
90% of tooth decay occurs in pits and fissures of chewing surfaces of teeth; surfaces not as affected by fluoride.

14. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2000, response to questions posed by subcommittee of the House Committee on Science PDF (44K)
Subsets of the population that are unusually sensitive to the toxic effects of fluoride are identified as well as demographic data for each of the identified populations.

15. Letter, June 1993, from John V. Kelly, Assemblyman, State of New Jersey PDF (65K)
The FDA has confirmed that there are no studies demonstrating either the safety or effectiveness of fluoride supplements for children, therefore, he requests the FDA to remove the products from the market immediately.

16. Fluoride warning on toothpaste label, required by FDA since 1997 PDF (129K)
"Warning: As with all fluoride toothpastes, keep out of the reach of children under 6 years of age. If you accidentally swallow more than used for brushing, seek professional assistance or contact a poison control center immediately."

17. Content specifications of hydrofluosilicic acid as referenced by retailer Lucier Chemical Industry, Ltd., 1990 PDF (35K)
A typical batch of commercial grade fluoridation product is 24% hydrofluosilicic acid and 76% waste water which contains varying amounts of heavy metals.

18. The California Code of Regulations list hazardous waste fluorides PDF (65K)
All three fluoridation substances are included in the list of 39 fluoride compounds classified under California law as hazardous wastes.

19. Toxic waste becomes 'product' for two bits PDF (65K)
According to federal regulations, if a fluoridation substance is given away, it is classified as hazardous waste. If it is sold for transportation costs or a token fee, it is a product.

20. The city of Escondido, CA, calculated the amount of product actually used PDF (3K)
The amount intended for the targeted children is only 16 pounds out of 33 tons of product used per year in Escondido.

21. Photograph of a sack of sodium fluorosilicate (picture) PDF (164K)
Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corp. is a Producer Member of the voluntary product standards committee for the American Water Works Association.

22. Hydrofluosilicic acid product warning and directions for use PDF (21K)
Product warnings and safety instructions for water department personnel.

23. Opflow Magazine/American Water Works Association, Oct. 2000, Treatment Chemicals Contribute to Arsenic Levels PDF (56K)
About 90 percent of the arsenic that would be contributed by treatment chemicals is attributable to fluoride addition.

24. Two charts comparing toxicity and MCL of lead, fluoride and arsenic
Graph #1 gives the relative toxicity between lead, sodium fluoride and arsenic. Graph #2 shows the maximum contaminant levels for the same three substances.

25. Comparative Toxicity of Inorganic Fluorides PDF (387K)
The products used for fluoridation are many times more toxic than naturally occurring calcium fluoride.

26. Dartmouth news release, Aug. 1999: Silicofluorides are associated with increased lead levels PDF (26K)
Analyzing a survey of over 280,000 Massachusetts children, investigators found a significant association between water fluoridated with silicofluorides and children suffering from blood lead poisoning.

27. NeuroToxicology 21(6):2000:, Abstract: Silicofluorides are associated with increased lead levels PDF (387K)
Analyzing a survey of over 151,000 New York children, investigators found a significant association between water fluoridated with silicofluorides and children suffering from blood lead poisoning. Click here for the full study.

28. Chemical and Engineering News abstract of 1998 Brain Research study PDF (65K)
Test animals treated with the same concentration of fluoride used in fluoridated tap water suffered neural injury and increased deposits of B-amyloid protein in the brain, similar to those seen in humans with Alzheimer's disease.

29. The California Safe Drinking Water Act of 1996 requires the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment to adopt Public Health Goals (129K)
Because of the alleged benefit of fluoridated water, several of the most important criteria for Public Health Goals are circumvented.

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